Magma rises into and through the other plate, solidifying into granite, the rock that makes up the. The following list gives an idea of some of these processes and their interactions and feedback mechanisms. Midocean ridges are essentially submerged mountain chains that are characterised by a deep central rift valley. The earth is composed of layers of different composition and physical properties, principally the solid central core, the fluid peripheral core, the viscous mantle, and the solid. The plates often get stuck as they try to move past each other due to friction. Pdf introduction to plate boundaries and natural hazards. Symbols white arrows show plate motion direction volcanoes generalized hot spot arrow direction of plate motion great earthquakes since 1900. Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent plate boundaries which subsequently create midocean ridges. Each province is a piece of californias tectonic jigsaw puzzle. These convergent boundaries also occur where a plate of ocean dives, in a process called subduction, under a landmass. In 1967, mckenzie and parker suggested the theory of plate tectonics.
Conservative plate boundaries aka passive when two tectonic plates slide past each other without creating or destroying any land they form a conservative plate boundary. Like the scientists before us, we will now merge the ideas of continental drift and seafloor spreading into the theory of plate tectonics. Plate convergence vectors referenced from united states geological survey. The layer below the lithosphere is the asthenosphere. The tectonic plates comprising the lithosphere the crust and rigid upper mantle slide across the top of the asthenosphere. New oceanic crust is formed through magma rising through the gap and cooling.
Generally, the depth of an earthquake is related to the type of tectonic boundary in which it occurs. Any other reproduction, for use or sale, is prohibited any other reproduction, for use or sale, is prohibited without prior written permission of the publisher. Plate tectonics is the surface manifestation of mantle convection, but the large contrast in viscosities between the lithosphere and the deeper mantle leads to departures from a simple boiling pot. Bring the bottom of your paper up so that it almost meets the top of your page about 1 to 2 cm away from the top.
This quick and tasty kids science activity gives little scientists a hands on way to explore plate tectonics the movement of the earths crust that leads to the formation of volcanoes. Over time this builds up great pressure until finally they jolt past each other. With wwii and the cold war came new data harry hess was an american geologist, born in nyc in 1906. Plate tectonics accounts for important features of the earths surface and. At convergent plate boundaries, oceanic crust is often forced down into the mantle where it begins to melt. This set includes a tectonic plate map, the ring of fire, a volcano, an earthquake, and more. Convergence data are shown by arrows describing direction and speed, relative to the plate across the boundary.
Plates are composed of the crust and a part of the upper mantle, these two parts together are called the lithosphere. The guide contains links to totle introduction to plate tectonics and earthquakes teaching resources and a table of contents of teaching resources on this topic. Types of plate boundaries map identification activity. Use the table below and the map key on the types of plate boundaries map to draw the correct symbols identifying each type of plate boundary. A pdf guide to plate tectonics and earthquakes is also available. Tectonic plates plate boundary referenced from bird, peter 2003 an updated digital model of plate boundaries. When the concept of seafloor spreading came along, scientists recognized that it was the mechanism to explain how continents could move around earths surface. Plate tectonics information and facts national geographic. Locations of earthquakes and volcanoes show the plate boundaries and ocean floor features. The plate tectonics gizmo shows a crosssection, or side view, of earth. The theory of plate tectonics grew out of earlier hypotheses and observations collected during exploration of the rocks of the ocean floor. Plates move apart at divergent plate boundaries such as the oceanic. Tectonic plates map worksheet keep this sheet so you may. Lightly shade in each tectonic lithospheric plate with a different color if possible.
Plate tectonics and sea level change coastal processes. The edges of these plates do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of continents or oceans. This guide is an outline of the plate tectonic and earthquake seismology powerpoint presentations. Sections of the crust, called plates, push against each other due to forces from the molten interior of the earth. This grade 6 earth science plate tectonics unit focuses on plate tectonics and addresses the california science standards for 6th grade for the topic of plate tectonics and investigation and experimentation. Frank taylor first proposed this idea in 1910, alexander du toit later in 1937, harry hess explored the geomorphology of the seafloor by ship in 1960s. In essence, plate tectonic theory is elegantly simple. The theory has caused a revolution in the way we think about the earth.
These images show the locations of the plates and their boundaries in the earths crust. How do plates move relative to each other at convergent plate boundaries. The set includes 10 png color illustrations, 10 png gray scale black and white versions and 10 line v. Lesson 1 the earth is cracking up lesson at a glance. Since the development of the theory, geologists have had to reexamine almost every aspect of. In this plate tectonic framework, large scale deformation is the local response of the lithosphere to induced stresses. The most destructive of these hazards, earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions, are mostly associated with tectonic plate boundaries. Students participate in a jigsaw activity to learn about types of plate boundaries, becoming an expert in one of five global datasets earthquakes, volcanoes, seafloor age, topography, and gravity and then sharing their expertise to build connections between the different datasets.
It is made up of thick, interconnecting pieces called tectonic plates that fit together like a puzzle. The video lessons, quizzes and transcripts can easily. Each geomorphic province tells a separate tale of what happens along an active plate boundary. Since the theory of plate tectonics was first introduced, how far has the tectonic plate were standing on moved. Once my kids had an idea of how tectonic plates move, it. Puzzle of the plates focus plate tectonics grade level 56 physical science focus question how do tectonic plates move, and what are the consequences of these movements.
Plate tectonics pdf worksheet and tectonic plates map to. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the earths lithosphere is broken into distinct plates which are. Have students take notes on the powerpoint or plate tectonic video. As plates move, the new crust gradually moves away from the ridge. There are three principal types of plate boundary divergent, convergent, and transform. The areas where these plates collide often have increased volcanic and earthquake activity. As the overlying plate lifts up, it also forms mountain ranges.
The structure of the earth, plate tectonics and landforms. Together, these plates constitute the lithosphere, from the greek lithos, meaning rock. Tectonic plates or huge slabs of solid rocks separate, collide, and slide past each other causing earthquakes, feeding volcanic eruptions, and raising mountains. The following overview of plate tectonics provides a view of the big picture of californias geologic heritage. Plate tectonics summary the earth is made up of 3 main layers core, mantle, crust on the surface of the earth are tectonic plates that slowly move around the globe plates are made of crust and upper mantle lithosphere there are 2 types of plate there are 3 types of plate boundaries volcanoes and earthquakes are closely. What are the different types of plate tectonic boundaries. Continental drift, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics. Introduction to plate tectonics and earthquakes lesson plans. Plate tectonics is the theory that explains how large pieces of the earths outermost layer, called tectonic plates, move and change shape. You will recall from a previous chapter that there are three.
Earths surface layer, 50 to 100 km 30 to 60 miles thick, is rigid and is composed of a set of large and small plates. Teach students about earthquakes, volcanoes, and plate tectonics with this 27 piece plate tectonic set. A chain of volcanoes often forms parallel to convergent plate boundaries and powerful earthquakes are common along these boundaries. A plat e tectonic puzzle introduction the earths crust is not a solid shell. Plate tectonics plate boundaries the earths lithosphere is broken into giant chunks called tectonic plates or lithospheric plates. Above the cross section is a birdseye view of the same location. Tectonic plates california institute of technology. The plate tectonics chapter of this course is designed to help you plan and teach the causes and effects of plate movement in your classroom.
Plate tectonics describes the distribution and motion of the plates. Types of plate boundaries map identification directions b 1. The theory of plate tectonics geology lumen learning. Magma underground is heated, expands, and becomes less dense, cause it to. They move atop the underlying mantle, a really thick layer of hot flowing rock. Notes on plate tectonics plate tectonics states that the earths crust and upper mantle are broken into sections, called plates.
We tried to locate some good of plate tectonics pdf worksheet and tectonic plates map to image to suit your needs. Plate tectonics it was from the continental drift theory, convection current theory and the theory of seafloor spreading, the theory of plate tectonics was formulated. It was from reliable on line source and that we love it. Convection currents in the asthenosphere cause the plates to move around. Birth of the theory it was alfred wegener, a germanaustrian astronomer and meteorologist, who envisaged the plate tectonic concept by formulating the hypothesis of continental drift at the beginning of the twentieth. Superimposed in red are the more than 400 national park system sites. Learning objectives n students will describe the motion of tectonic plates. Plate boundary movements and their results foldable.
The tectonic processes at work on the earth influence the size of ocean basins and therefore, sea level in many, complex ways. There are three types of boundaries between plates. The global mosaic of plates periodically reorganizes itself and new plate boundaries form while others close up. Student worksheet plate boundary researchers graphic organizer student worksheet plate movement 3 l1. Continental drift, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics plate tectonics is a theory developed in the late 1960s, to explain how the outer layers of the earth move and deform. At what type of plate boundary to tectonic plates slide past one another. Global plate tectonic map illustrating the major tectonic plates, their velocities in cmyr, and the major plate boundaries.
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